Brain Teasers
Geological Groups
Group
These brain teasers rely on your ability to recognize groups of common attributes. For each of these puzzles you'll need to figure out why the words or letters are grouped as they are. Sometimes you will be asked to pick the odd-one-out or to place a new word into the correct group.Group
Find the odd one out in each of the following:
a) fjords, stacks, tombolos, waterfalls
b) sea arches, bays, headlands, valleys
c) basalt, granite, obsidian, pumice
d) Hawaiian Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Marianas Islands, Aleutian Islands
a) fjords, stacks, tombolos, waterfalls
b) sea arches, bays, headlands, valleys
c) basalt, granite, obsidian, pumice
d) Hawaiian Islands, Ryukyu Islands, Marianas Islands, Aleutian Islands
Hint
a) Think about the four processes of denudation.b) Think about the nature of the rocks in these landforms.
c) Where were these rocks formed?
d Where are these islands found?
Answer
a) Tombolos. Tombolos are depositional landforms; the rest are erosional landforms. Fjords are formed by glacial erosion, stacks by wave erosion and waterfalls by fluvial erosion.b) Headlands. Headlands are made of resistant rocks and are less vulnerable to erosion, which is why they stand out from the neighbouring bays. The other three, being less resistant, have been eroded more.
c) Granite. Although all four are igneous rocks, granite is the only plutonic rock. The other three are volcanic rocks.
d) Hawaiian Islands. They are the only island chain formed in the middle of a plate. The location of the hot spot in the asthenosphere is fixed while the Pacific Plate moves northwest. This carries old volcanoes away and creates new volcanoes, forming the chain. The other three island chains were created along destructive plate boundaries.
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